Foam at microscopic level is a bunch of bubbles squeezed
together. Liquid foams are formed by
diffusion of gas bubbles in a liquid and it is seen in our mundane activities,
from drinking beer to having a bath. Among applications like pharmaceutical formulation,
oil production, food processing, cleaning products, cosmetics and skin care
products, there include multi processes wherein foam products play a vital
role. Lightweight dry foams are used in the construction of buildings,
automobiles and airplanes as they help in increasing energy efficiency. Also,
these dry foams are sustainable; however, keeping them stable is a big
challenge.
Researchers from Georgia
Institute of Technology have come up with a new type of foam called ‘Capillary Foam’. The research was
sponsored by the National Science
Foundation (NSF). These capillary foams were developed by a graduate
student named Yi Zhang, co-advised by the mentors Behrens and Carson Meredith.
The capillary foam is different from the traditional foam
because along with the air and water as the main ingredients, a small amount of
oil is added into the water-based foams for foam stability. Oil in water-based
foams can lead to exceptional stability because neither the oil nor the
particles alone can stabilize the foams. The symbiotic combination of oil and
particulate helps in foam stability because oil is usually used as a defoaming
agent. The stability in the capillary foam comes from the oil that acts as a
bridge between the particles of the foam. Lightweight foams can be used in many
industrial applications from construction to automobile and airplane
manufacturing.
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